Romeo and Juliet – Fate

What impact does the topic of destiny have on the play ? Romeo and Juliet is a shocking romantic tale where the two darlings meet their appalling passings brought about by their fighting families and taboo love. The play encloses the indispensable subject of destiny, as exhibited by a progression of occasions that happen. Right off the bat, the sheer birth of the â€Å"pair of star-cross’d lovers† into disputable families is a demonstration of destiny. â€Å"the frightful section of their demise stamped love† simply prompts the crowd that the two characters would meet their demises. Situated inside the preface, these lines initiate the play, shocking it into movement. Shakespeare investigates the topic of destiny by rendering the crowd wonder, to what degree we can control our activities. Moreover, the genuine gathering of Romeo and Juliet is likewise a case of destiny. Now, the crowd would be torn in two ways. They ought to look in wonder at their genuine romance from the outset sight, however fear overwhelms, as this experience would inevitably lead both to their demises. Til' the very end, does their destiny proceed to seek after and Shakespeare indeed questions our capacity of through and through freedom. â€Å"a plague on both your houses† Mercutio shouts, evoking an emotional response of Romeo and Juliet’s destiny. When Mercutio is coincidentally killed and as a result, Tybalt is slaughtered, an admonishing appears in regards to the lovers’ defeat. After expulsion from Verona as a punishment for butchering Tybalt, Romeo yells â€Å"O, I am fortune’s fool†, which affirms destiny would control his fate. Besides, destiny takes a strike when Friar John couldn't convey the letter to Romeo on schedule, subsequently persuading in Juliet’s demise. Inside this romantic tale stars are utilized as the representation of destiny. After Romeo understands that Juliet is ‘dead’ he cries â€Å".. at that point I challenge you, stars! taking everything into account, â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† approves the subject of destiny capably as Shakespeare cautiously builds up the characters and plot contained by it. Without destiny, this lamentable story would neglect to have such a sensational passionate result on its crowd.

Ghosts in Henry James Turn of the Screw Essay -- Henry James Turn Scre

The Turn of the Screw:â Ghostsâ â â â â â â â Lawrence Kramer represents some intriguing thoughts regarding Henry James’ The Turn of the Screw chiefly by examining the phantoms in the story. He alludes to the apparitions as revenants; â€Å"a apparition, a phantom, a ghost, one who frequents, who returns, who strolls again.† First, he suggests that these revenants can possibly work when an individual accepts they exist. There must be something that makes a previous individual need to come back to the living scene from a condition of death. Be that as it may, this aching by the previous individual isn't sufficient to make it a commendable revenant. Somebody in the living scene must accept that the revenant is really there. Due to the sentiments of â€Å"dread† and â€Å"desire† a revenant makes when it shows up, a great many people think that its hard to doubt in this specter. Along these lines, it is reasonably easyfor a revenant to work. This is basic to the story in light of the fact that all together for the revenants of Quint and Miss Jessel to work, the tutor must accept that they exist. In view of the governess’ conviction, the revenants can wo... Apparitions in Henry James Turn of the Screw Essay - Henry James Turn Scre The Turn of the Screw:â Ghostsâ â â â â â â â Lawrence Kramer represents some fascinating thoughts regarding Henry James’ The Turn of the Screw for the most part by talking about the phantoms in the story. He alludes to the apparitions as revenants; â€Å"a apparition, a phantom, a ghost, one who frequents, who returns, who strolls again.† First, he infers that these revenants can possibly work when an individual accepts they exist. There must be something that makes a previous individual need to come back to the living scene from a condition of death. Be that as it may, this yearning by the previous individual isn't sufficient to make it a commendable revenant. Somebody in the living scene must accept that the revenant is really there. In light of the sentiments of â€Å"dread† and â€Å"desire† a revenant makes when it shows up, a great many people think that its hard to question in this specter. In this manner, it is decently easyfor a revenant to work. This is basic to the story on the grounds that all together for the revenants of Quint and Miss Jessel to work, the tutor must accept that they exist. In light of the governess’ conviction, the revenants can wo...

The Five Types of Impostor Syndrome and How to Beat Them

The Five Types of Impostor Syndrome and How to Beat Them Have you ever felt unworthy of receiving praise for a job well done at your place of work? Or; Do you ever think that your accomplishments were only as a result of sheer luck? Then, you have Impostor Syndrome.Impostor Syndrome simply makes you feel undeserving of praises or awards for your hard work and make you feel like a total fraud after working so hard on a particular task.Sadly, studies have shown that it is not limited to the corporate world alone, as 70% of people from all walks of life have experienced it at some point in their lives. Also, this syndrome was first described by Psychologists in 1978, and this syndrome has further undergone researches and studies in a bid to come up with a workable solution.However, before you can successfully know how to overcome this syndrome, it is best to know exactly what it is and its various types. So here goes:WHAT IS IMPOSTOR SYNDROME?Impostor syndrome is the feeling of being inadequate and not measuring up, hence, making you feel und eserving of compliments that are directed at your accomplishments.Joy Harden Bradford says,People struggling with impostor syndrome often feel like a fraud and often live with the fear that at any moment, others will find out that their success is unearned.One would think that this syndrome is only peculiar to the working-class population; however, job seekers are also affected, hence, creating self-imposed restrictions on different job opportunities available to them.Consequently, this has led to many people settling for less than they deserve, thus, regretting their decisions in the future. Source: International Journal of Behavioral ScienceTELLTALE SIGNS OF IMPOSTOR SYNDROMESelf-doubt is sometimes beneficial as it could lead to one continuously assessing themselves in terms of their competence, achievements, and validity.However, when self-doubt gets to a toxic level, where you can no longer see your capabilities, then it becomes difficult to own your successes.Eventually, this can graduate to impostor syndrome, which will undoubtedly affect productivity on all fronts. Asides self-doubt, other significant symptoms can characterize Impostor syndrome. They are:Fear of Failed ExpectationsWhen you begin to worry excessively about not living up to the expectations of bosses and colleagues, then you may be experiencing impostor syndrome.Additionally, if you set goals for yourself, and you continuously beat yourself up for not getting what you expected, you may be experiencing impostorism.Self-limiting MentalityIf you have impostor syndrome, it becomes a norm to be self-sabot aging.Consequently, you will develop a fear of failure that is beyond normal, thus birthing a constant clash between avoiding being discovered as a fraud and achieving your goals. As a result of this clash, you will become limited and have difficulty reaching your potentials. Competency DenialIndividuals that have impostor syndrome always attribute their success to either luck, influence, or other people, instead of accepting that they are competent, and their hard work paid off. Thus, they believe that they will have to work harder than others to prove themselves.Impostor CycleSmall and big successes achieved by people with impostor syndrome will trigger an impostor cycle. They will become bothered that their abilities will be scrutinized to reveal a level of incompetence.Attachment to the Comfort ZoneIf you find yourself always avoiding extra responsibilities that could hone your skills while opting for a familiar duty that you have developed, then you may have impostor syndrome.T his is in line with the research conducted and published by the Journal of Business and Psychology in 2014.Additionally, individuals with impostor syndrome are guarded about their work and dislike volunteering because they are concerned that the quality of their job may be compromised.Extreme goal-settingAs a result of the need to be the best and not fail, people with impostor syndrome end up setting challenging goals for themselves.This may be a good move as it may maximize productivity; however, the study conducted in 2011 by the Behavioral Science Research Institute shows that the inability to achieve these set goals will lead to disappointment.WHAT CAUSES IMPOSTOR SYNDROME?There was a general misconception when this syndrome was first recognized that it only affected women, especially those in leadership roles, and even more so, women of color.According to Suzanne Mercier, impostor syndrome is caused by two significant factors:NatureNurtureNature: Nature is a huge cause of this syndrome as these individuals can hardly lay a finger on what triggered this feeling. Such people become more reactive emotionally and focus on themselves for no apparent reason. It’s not uncommon for you to experience this syndrome naturally as people act differently based on their natural temperaments and personalities.Nurture: If while growing up, you had parents that were perfectionists â€" they had an extreme perception of what a game or a performance should be like, and if you eventually fell below their standard, you experienced criticisms that were meant to be constructive. Although it was meant to motivate you into improving, it ultimately led to a mindset of not been enough for any task given.These two factors are only preliminary because impostor syndrome is usually dormant if these are the only factors involved.However, it can be triggered by other situations and happenings around you that leave you feeling like a total fraud.EFFECTS OF IMPOSTOR SYNDROMEImpostor syndro me is believed to have both positive and negative impacts on individuals.Positive; in the sense that it can motivate you to work harder and better to achieve your set goals.However, this comes at the cost of your peace of mind â€" you are always anxious that you may not deliver while working extremely hard to hide the fact that you are a fraud.This syndrome will make you attribute your success to factors that surround you.For instance, you only aced that class presentation because you prepared all night.Or, you find a way to expose your flaws when you are complimented for a task well executed.Impostor syndrome does not let you change your belief about yourself â€" not being good enough â€" even when you have significant achievements and reach the peak of your career. You will still feel a complex for having a small win, and achieving more will only further increase the fraudulent feeling.Additionally, if you get bad feedback on a completed task, it will only serve to increase your f eelings about yourself, even though you get an apparent contradiction to your thought process. You will keep feeling that you only achieved by luck and not competence.Furthermore, chronic impostor syndrome could develop into depression. This is only encouraged by the fact that you find it impossible to talk about your feelings with people to avoid being awkward. Descriptive statistics of the respondents by gender between self-esteem and impostor syndromeSource: Scientific Academic PublishingTYPES OF IMPOSTOR SYNDROMEDr. Valerie Young, an expert on impostor syndrome, went ahead to identify five different types of impostor syndrome. They are:The PerfectionistThe Superman/womanThe Natural GeniusThe SoloistThe Expert The PerfectionistBefore we get down to it, here is a self-assessment questionnaire to ascertain if you are a perfectionist.Do you exhibit signs of being a micromanager?Have you ever accused yourself of being incompetent and unfit for your job when you fail to achieve an extreme goal you set for yourself? Do you dwell on it for days?When you are unable to do a particular assignment, or do you find it challenging to delegate duties to someone else? And if you do, are you always dissatisfied with the results?Lastly, do you continuously expect a 100% perfect mark on projects you are working on?Now, if your answer to two out of the abov e questions is yes, then you may have the impostor syndrome exhibited in the form of a perfectionist. So who are perfectionists?Perfectionists are individuals who set goals for themselves that are a bit hard-to-reach, even for them, and if they do not achieve this goal, they could start doubting their capabilities and worrying if they are cut out for the job at all.In a bid to achieve their goals the exact way they thought it out, they hardly assign duties to others, and if they do, they may end up being too controlling.Also, as a perfectionist, you will notice that success is fleeting as you are rarely satisfied as you always feel that you can do better.Admittedly, this habit is toxic as it will keep you feeling not good enough for tasks, even if it is your area of specialization.Your relationship with people working with you would be a bit stressed because you are likely to be tagged as a control freak.The Superman/womanAnswer these questions to know if you fall into this category :Are you usually stressed out when you are not working? Do you see relaxation time as a total waste?Do you continuously stay back at work even after you have completed your task for the day?Have you let go of your hobbies and pastime activities all because of work?Despite your numerous achievements and awards, do you still feel like you have not earned your title, hence, a need to continue overworking yourself to prove your worth?If you answered in the affirmative to the questions above, you are a Superman/woman, and this does not necessarily mean it is in the positive light.Individuals with the Superman/woman impostor syndrome regard themselves as not good enough when compared to their colleagues, even if they have a truckload of achievements that outweigh their colleagues’. Therefore, they tend to overwork themselves in a bid to measure up.One would think that this is a perfect set up for a successful career; however, this is only a stance to cloak their insecurities. You may en d up overworking yourself and exerting yourself not only physically, but mentally as well, hence, straining your relationship with the people around you.You will find out that you are actually in pursuit of the validation that accompanies the work and not the work itself, making you a candidate for the eye-service tag at your place of work.Additionally, you will find it tasking to communicate with your colleagues as you hardly kickback to relate with them outside the professional environment.The Natural GeniusBelow are a few questions for you to answer to know if you belong to this category:Do you succeed at work without extra effort?Have you found yourself avoiding challenges because you are not so good at them?Are you continuously tagged the best in everything you do?Do you find the idea of having a mentor to be unnecessary because you believe you are competent enough?As a child, were you always told that you were the smartest child at home and school?Do you experience a loss of c onfidence and feel ashamed when you are experiencing a little setback?If you answered yes to most of these questions, then you may be experiencing the impostor syndrome as a natural genius.The natural geniuses believe that they should always be competent without trying too much, hence, the name. You will find yourself judging your competence using speed and ease as the standard instead of your efforts.Consequently, if you spend a long time trying to learn something, you begin to feel ashamed.Just like the perfectionists, the natural genius sets the standard ridiculously high. Still, instead of judging based on the expectations, they judge themselves on their ability to succeed the first time they try.As soon as this comes to play, they start feeling incompetent; hence, their refusal to try new things to avoid failure.Additionally, you forget that skills need to be honed to be the best you can be and avoid being mediocre or being only competent in one aspect.The SoloistAnswering the following questions will let you know if you are a soloist or not:Do you frequently catch yourself saying, I can do it myself, I dont need help?Are you a believer that you need to be self accomplished without help?When requesting materials, do you make requests based on the project requirements and not your needs as an individual?Do you find teamwork difficult?Do you tag dependent individuals as incompetent?If this applies to you, then you are a soloist in terms of impostor syndrome. You will continuously push for independence even in a team task.The soloists are individuals that believe that asking for help will only reveal that they are weak; hence, they refuse assistance to prove their worth. When you are in a fix or have difficulty in a given task, you will rather fail the assignment or spend more time on research, rather than seeking counsel.Additionally, you may be of little or no help when placed in a team to work on a project, only delivering if you are the leader or the maj or contributor.Even as a leader, others opinions may not count, except they agree with your thoughts.You believe that dependence is a sign of weakness and will never seek help, and if you eventually do, you will feel like a failure until the task is completed.The ExpertCan you answer the following questions to know if you belong to this category?Do you feel like you do not know enough even after you have played a particular role for a while?Have you disagreed continuously with people who call you an expert?Do you have issues applying for jobs except you meet all the requirements indicated?Are you always on the lookout for certifications and training because you feel your success is tied to skill improvement?If you answered in the affirmative to the questions above, then you fall into this category. Admittedly, certifications and training are vital to ones career; however, when it becomes a defining factor for success, it may be abused.The experts take pride in what they know and how much they can do, tagging this as a yardstick for success. Professionally, this is good; however, it becomes a bane for the experts because they feel that they will never know enough; thus, fear that they will be found out to be inexperienced or unintelligent.Building up your skills will indeed make you grow professionally and make you valuable in the market. Nevertheless, when you take it too far, the drive to seek information and certification graduates to a form of procrastination.When given a task or job that you have limited knowledge of, you may opt to do research or go for training. However, you just might get caught up with chasing validation instead of focusing on the task at hand, thus, postponing the execution of the job.You believe that you do not know enough, whereas you may have had a series of certifications and recognitions. Consequently, this will hinder your progress, as you will keep feeling inadequate.HOW TO BEAT THE IMPOSTOR SYNDROMEBeating the Perfectionist Im postor SyndromeAs a perfectionist, you are rarely satisfied with your successes as you feel you can do better. This is a toxic and unproductive mindset in this context because it will hinder your growth.You should deliberately own and celebrate your successes and achievements to avoid a breakdown.Also, you should cultivate a level of confidence in your abilities and be content with your success no matter how little.Additionally, learn to see mistakes as an integral part of your success, taking them in stride, and owning it. Admittedly, the perfectionist mentality could result in your procrastinating specific tasks.This is as a result of you waiting for the perfect time and for all things to be equal.The hard truth is that all things will never be equal, and there is never an ideal time to begin. You have to start where you are, accept your flaws, and run with it.Beating the Superman/woman Impostor SyndromeA superman/woman impostor is driven by the validation that accompanies working , rather than the work. You have to detach your drive from other peoples validation deliberately.Remember that no one has the power to make you feel self-sufficient or good about yourself.Your boss is only there to validate your work and give constructive criticism on a particular task.You are not investing your total knowledge base for that specific task; hence, criticism is geared at only that particular task.Therefore, you should not take it personally and let it decide your competence.Focus more on internal validation â€" your opinion about yourself â€" and build your self-confidence, believing that you are competent in your area of specialization. This way, you will be able to regulate how much work you need to put in and maximize productivity.Beating the Natural Genius Impostor SyndromeA natural genius believes that he should succeed in his first try. Speed does not validate competence. This is a truth that we should continuously remember. If you are fast in a particular task and competent, that is great, however, when you are not, remember that you are still a work in progress.Learning and building skills is a continuous process for everyone alike. No one stops learning; therefore, when you make a mistake in a particular area, it shouldnt make you see yourself as less than you are.Not being able to achieve your extremely high goals should not deter you; however, it should push you to improve in that particular area.Identify these specific shortcomings and grow competence in them instead of avoiding them altogether. You never know what area will be beneficial to you.Beating the Soloist Impostor SyndromeFirstly, you should know that no man is an island.Admittedly, independence is blissful; however, it shouldnt deter you from accepting assistance from others.Everyone has their area of strength, and asking for help with a particular area you are not good at will help to maximize the quality of tasks.Therefore, you should learn to ask questions as it only sh ows a willingness to learn rather than incompetence as no man knows it all. Additionally, accepting assistance from others will help you complete tasks in record time.Beating the Expert Impostor SyndromeAdmittedly, you can never stop learning. However, you should endeavor that the skills that are garnered are productively used while it is required. This is better than accumulating skills that you may not apply for a while. Additionally, accept that you can always ask for help when you need it.When applying for a job, if you do not have some of the required skill set, there is no harm in applying and deciding to learn the rest while on the job.Also, you can choose to mentor your junior colleagues; this way, you share your knowledge and benefit others, hence, overcoming the feeling of inexperience.When you give out your insight, it reveals the places where you need; hence, you get the relevant skill help set.CONCLUSIONConclusively, no matter what type of impostor syndrome you exhibit, beating it starts from you assessing yourself and accepting that you have an issue with it.Then, you can take it further to let people in on it, either, trusted friends, or professionals who can help you deal with it.This way, you are accountable to people who can help you track your progress when you start working on yourself.

Overview Of Securitization And Financial Structure Product Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2125 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? There have a larger number of developed countries faced a banking crisis (124 systemic banking crisis during the period from 1970 to 2007) and the recent global 2007-2008 financial crisis, which is different from many previous financial crisis that affected the global financial system during past several decades. Various studies investigated the role of securitization and structured finance product that causing the global financial crisis and banking crisis. This paper will base on some theoretical literature and examine current banking and financial crisis in order to provide a better understanding of the role of securitization and structure finance product as the reason of global financial crisis and banking crisis in the developed countries. This paper is organized in the following manner. The first part will briefly define what securitization and structure finance product are. The second part will highlight the role how securitization should play in the economy and why this role is important. It also evaluates the problem in subprime mortgage in the United State. The third part will present the development of financial innovation have effect to create, spread the crisis. Finally, the paper concludes with a brief summary. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Overview Of Securitization And Financial Structure Product Finance Essay" essay for you Create order 2. The overview of securitization and financial structure product 2.1. The overview of securitization Securitisation is as essential to the financial system as any organised markets are. Securitization has developed and played an important role in the banking. According to Jobst (2008), securitization is the process in which certain types of assets are pooled so that they can be repacked into interest-bearing securities. The interest and principal payments from the assets are passed through to the purchasers of the securities Furthermore, Mizen (2008) indicates that securitization played a key role in the financial market in the U.S. and strongly supports the financing of the financial system, in two main respects: First, securitization may contribute to the expansion of the financial support base by transforming illiquid assets into assignable securities for the long-term. Second, securitization may offer a better match between the borrowers and investors. Figure 1. The securitization Landscape (International Monetary Fund 2009:80) Covered bonds Securitization Pass-through securities: U.S government-sponsored enterprises mortgage-backed securities Real estate investment trusts Structure finance: Asset-backed securities and asset-backed commercial paper Mortgage-backed securities Collateral debt obligations 2.2. The overview of structured finance product According to Evans (2010), when securitization has different and unequal priority, this led to structure finance emerged. Firstly, there are three type of security including Senior, Mezzanine, and Junior. Then the development of structured finance product was more complex with Collateralised Debit Obligations, and CDO squared. This will be illustrated in the graph below CDO2 Mortgage MBS CDO The structured product has fluctuated dramatically in the last decade. For instance, in the United States and Europe, issuance finance structure product increases from 500 billion dollar to 2.6 trillion dollar, 2000 and 2007 respectively (Kodres 2008). However, in 2008 these quantities had declined sharply. 3. The development in the banking model amongst developed countries and The U.S subprime mortgage crisis 3.1. The development in the banking model amongst developed countries Looking at first, beginning in 1980s, Kidwell et al. (2007) indicates that there was an increase in the involve of banks and securitization which offers a number of benefit to banks such as banks can reduce the amount of liabilities and assets by selling more than holding loans; moreover, securitization offers a source of funding loan which is less expensive than other fund. In 1988, new kind of securities include commercial paper, securities backed which a process making loans tradable, et; that emerge in commercial bank Kidwell et al. (2007) offers the explanation of why commercial bank wants to operate as investment banking; the reason is the activity of investment bank was more profitable than commercial banking activity; furthermore, investment bank is more flexibility than commercial bank, in 1999 with the Financial Service Modernization Act. At the same time, in contrary, investment banks were allowed to get into activities, which was traditionally commercial bank activity. In contrast to investment banks, commercial banks focus on taking deposit and lending. However, the bank originating the loan did not necessarily fund the loan. Supporting this point, UBM TechWeb (2008) argue that the change in the banking models because some reason: firstly, commercial bank has advantages over investment bank: a good illustration of this is while commercial banks have enable to access to the discount window and enable to borrow from the Federal Reserve, the most secure liquidity source, investment bank have not have this condition. As a result, unlevered investment bank would either disappear or be transformed into commercial bank. On the other hand, Evans (2010) demonstrates that increasing the number of traditional model of banking becomes commercial banking which is more popular, larger, and relevant. According to Mullineux and Murinde (2003), banks play a vital role in the economy and the bank failure has led to the collapse of the financial system. The major cause of financial crisis is the banking area with the unbalance information, agency trouble and moral hazard. For example, banks in a number of developed countries have experienced severe banking crisis. In the sense, Laeven and Valencia (2008) point out banking crisis which means there are a greater number of non-payment in the financial sector, a countrys corporate and bank face huge problems repaying contracts on time which has led to the asset is excess liabilities The different between current crisis episodes and previous crisis episodes is the expansion of liquidity support not only to commercial bank like previous crisis but also to investment bank (Laeven and Valencia 2008). One of the advantages of commercial bank and investment bank is their off-balance sheet which can make use of assets for purposes of investment without risks of bankrupt to these banks system. For instance, investment bank does not maintain the securities of the company in its balance sheet and they sells them to investor, trading activity, which is more complex, risky, and different functions of classic on balance sheet such as loan expansion, deposit taking. For example: Traditional banks originated illiquid loans and funded them with liquid deposits. Consequence, decrease in deposit supply which leading to falls loan supply and reduce in the securities value Balance sheet Asset Liabilities Loan -securities 100 - 95 Deposit 90 securities falling value 40 Equity 10 -5 withdraw deposit 40 3.2. The U.S subprime mortgage crisis Jobst (2008) indicates that securitization started in 1970s. Park (2009) point out that during the period from 2004-2007, US subprime mortgage markets exploded and melted down, as an example, the housing bubble explode in early 2007 that led to quick decrease in the market value of many securities such as Mortgage Backed Securities, CMOs and CDOs. There are two types of mortgage in the U.S such as prime and subprime. Subprime mortgage means lenders used to offer mortgage, lower quality and nonstandard mortgages to borrowers with nonstandard income or credit profiles and one of these borrowers is Ninja loans borrowers have no income, little or no assets, and no job; After that these subprime mortgage loans were sold rapidly to Wall Street Company as collaterals for securitization. These loan were ensured high ratings, however, their value depend on the movements in the price of house. Therefore, when decreasing the price of house led to failure to pay the loan increased in the subprim e mortgage sector, as a result the crisis occurrence. 3.3. The role of securitization and structure finance product in the banking crisis and global financial crisis. Mizen (2008) point out commercial bank and investment bank undertake securitization through special purpose vehicles which create new asset-backed securities and enable sell the product with different risk ratings for each level. International Monetary Fund (2009) provides securitization play an important role in banks due to they allowed banks more actions in lending, liquidity risk and less cost for the bank to hold. Laeven and Valencia (2008) demonstrates that almost crisis have used generous liquidity support to deal with illiquidity banks; which means banks use Asset-backed securitization that is the process transformation of illiquid assets into liquid assets ( Mullineux and Murinde 2003). For instance, previous to the fail of the securitization, in the United States, Japan, and Western, asset-backed securities and covered bond offered the new residential mortgage loan approximately 20 to 60 percent. In addition, Park (2009) argue that A larger commercial banks acting as credit enhancers for the securitized instrument in order to satisfy the growing demand for new mortgage loans, that become most crucial materials for the securitization process Financial crisis: how it happened 4. The role of financial innovation in creation, spread of the crisis The current financial crisis is different and much more complex than earlier financial crisis because the development of financial innovation such as new ways of packaging, reselling assets in MBS and more complex, subprime mortgage which weaker fundamental assets (Mizen 2008). Park (2009) demonstrates that the primary cause of the current global financial crisis is the misuse of financial innovation such as new financial products, structure finance product, and risk management. Another reasons is balance sheet mismatches, on or off balance sheet To begin with, the question arises as to the traditional model of banking would find and make the loans and hold the loans to maturity and fund it themselves which bearing the credit risk. Many economists argued without securitization and structure finance the banking would be less bad loan made due to securitization and structure finance lend so many bad loan. Secondly, the securitization and structure finance play a vital role in banking crisis because of creating and spreading in many countries financial system, and deepening the crisis (Evans 2010) According to Evans (2010), there are a rose rapidly of securitization and structure finance in Europe and The United State due to they seem to be benefit for everybody. For borrowers they can access to international capital market and securities market that was unavailable to them previously and probably cheaper. In addition, for originators of loan could back the loan together without having to fund them. This led to emerge of subprime mortgage in securitization. On the other hand, Laeven and Valencia (2008) argue that in 1980, bank building society made many bad loans which not spread to another country; nevertheless, when U.S faced with problem in the housing market which spread to many countries. The reasons for this problem are when the dollar did depreciate against the Euro in the previous 2007; however there was not a decline sharply in the demand of US assets due to the use of dollar as a reserve currency. Moreover, the US mortgage market has spread with the speediness to many countries Evans (2010) highlight the reason of this is the securitization and structure finance product creates marketable securities out of the underlying non-marketable loans and complicated financial assets with relatively high-yielding assets and good credit ratings. In addition, King (2007) indicates that there was a strong demand for high yields assets such as MBSs and CDOs. Supporting to this point, Mizen (2008) argue that these securities, which were sold in the worldwide financial markets due to the high yields that attractive to investor. As a result, the subprime mortgage in the U.S spread internationally. Therefore, this clear that risk about uncertain of unfolding of the subprime crisis in the U.S was misprice and opaque in exposures and the complexity of structure finance product Evans (2010) highlight that the process of securitization and structure finance created very complex from the underlying loans, which led to the quality of these securities were opaque In addition, according to International Monetary Fund (2009), the securitization and structure finance have to become simpler, transparent in order to improve liquidity in the future 5. Conclusion As we know, the development of securitization and structure finance is vital for the financial market growth. It is undeniable that the role of securitization and structured finance products on financial market has caused the recent banking and financial crisis in the worldwide, particularly in developed countries. The recent crisis has been far more complex than earlier crisis because financial innovation has allowed new ways of packaging and reselling assets. From several decades, the securitization always changes their rules in order to achieve efficient and fair in their operation. Although there are some signs of improvement, in this sense, securitisation is still certainly unable to fulfil the objectives. However, if securitization works properly securitisation should be a welfare-improving tool which makes financial market more efficient and reduce transaction costs. Nowadays, there was an increase in securitisation which use by bank as a resort, beside with other innovations such as credit derivatives, which is the next step in the growth of securitization, and help to reduce barrier for investor. Given the rapid expansion of loan securitization (as well as the growth of loan sales and syndication), the results suggest that access to capital is less subject to variations in the supply of local deposits to banks than in the past. https://www.americansecuritization.com the importance of securitization

Essay about Discipline and the Effects on the Unit

Discipline and the effects on the unit Accountabilities is one of the fundamental of the military. It only brings personal responsibility but it also shows organization of a unit. There are many reasons why being on time is important. The US Army depends solely on its soldiers, enlisted. Warrant officers, and commissioned officers alike. The military would not be anything without the soldiers. When soldiers aren’t there to perform there duties or they are late then the unit looses efficiency. Time management is a very large part of success, military or civilian. Many people could improve there lives drasticly if they knew how to manage the time properly. Setting priorities is a very important step in time management. If your priorities†¦show more content†¦It simply means the understanding your task and obeying orders promptly because your fellow soldiers and leaders depend on you to do so. The purpose of discipline is to make soldiers to be well trained so that they carry out orders quickly and intelligently under the most difficult conditions. Insistence of performing tasks properly enhance military discipline. For example, ensuring soldiers wear their uniforms properly, following orders, march well or repeat tasks until they do them correctly are part of military discipline. This no harassment or punishment. Proper and prompt execution of orders will save lives in combat. This is no way means you should not exercise initiative to solve a problem or to ensure the job gets done. American soldiers have a long tradition of displaying initiative and discipline soldiers focus their efforts toward the success of the team. Discipline in routine things like saluting , police calls and physical training leads to discipline in the difficult things like advancing under fire, disposing of unexploded ordnance, and safeguarding enemy prisoners of war. That is why the Army insists on training to standards. It starts with self-discipline but grows with pride in the unit. In the film saving private ryan a soldier lost his discipline for the mission at hand at the sight of a frightened child and the result for his loss of discipline caused him to also lose focus on hisShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Unethical Nature of Operation Iron Triangle929 Words   |  4 PagesThe 3rd Brigade, 101st Airborne Division, a unit known as the Rakkasans, were conducting Operation Iron Triangle in 2006 in Iraq when soldiers killed eight unarmed Iraqi men. The US military severely reprimanded the Commander of the Rakkasans, COL Michael Steele, for the unethical command climate his leadership allowed to exist within the unit at that time. This unit will need a new commander that can set and maintain an effective, ethical command climate through his leadership. That new commanderRead MoreLifestyle Declaration in the Armed Services763 Words   |  3 Pageshomosexuals to legally serve in the military as long as they did not declare their lifestyle or engage in conduct that w as in violation of military good order and discipline. Supporters viewed the law as a step forward in achieving equal rights for homosexuals. Opponents remained concerned that the policy could jeopardize morale and unit effectiveness. â€Å"The Joint Chiefs, including the chairman, had all came out against the president on gays serving in the military† (Gates 440). Over time the militaryRead MoreStudents Knowledge And Thirst For Greater Understanding950 Words   |  4 Pagesto make these connections is by using integrated thematic units. Inga Randle (1997) discussed the fourth grade students of Barbara Pedersen who were so eager to learn they would willingly skip recess to be in the classroom learning. Pedersen used integrated thematic instruction to inspire her students. 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The Coca-Cola Company. Csr Policy Free Essays

The Coca-Cola Company and its CSR policy There is no doubt that one of the most popular multinationals today is The Coca-Cola Company. It has strong CSR policy where â€Å"CSR† is not only about being responsible for customers and fans around the world but also being aware of employees’ needs. Talking about employees – The Roberts Environmental Center at Claremont McKenna College in California publishes annual analyses of corporate environmental and social reports (together called sustainability reports). We will write a custom essay sample on The Coca-Cola Company. Csr Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 2009, The Coca-Cola Company received an overall rating of A+, topping the list of companies reviewed in its sector. Among the keys to earning that recognition is maintaining world-class standards for fair and dignified treatment of all the people who work for it. Its Workplace Rights Policy serves to ensure that a consistent approach to workplace rights is applied worldwide – as an integral part of culture, strategy and day-to-day operations. However this is just one side of the coin. Suppliers are another group The Coca-Cola Company proves loyal to. Having a sound, stable and ethical supply base is important for its growth and the footprint it leaves in local communities around the world. Its suppliers provide its system with materials, including ingredients, packaging and machinery, as well as goods and services. As a company, it has a responsibility to hold its direct suppliers and bottling partners to standards no less than those required by applicable law. It also has an opportunity to support community development by purchasing goods and services from minority- and women-owned business enterprises (MWBEs). Furthermore in 2009 The Coca-Cola Company is the recipient of the prestigious World Environment Center’s (WEC) Twenty-Fifth Annual Gold Medal for International Corporate Achievement in Sustainable Development (for implementing strategic business initiatives in the high impact areas of water stewardship, sustainable packaging, energy management and climate protection) and is among the 10 recipients of the Natural Health Magazine’s first â€Å"Green Choice† awards (selected because of its leadership and commitment to recycling and impressive light-weighting efforts). Although it is really difficult to point out all the â€Å"green† initiatives this multinational is up to daily, monthly, annually or on a long-term basis, here are some of its highlights. Firstly, water efficiency is viewed as a main goal. To be the most efficient water user among peer companies is a distinction the company wants to achieve. In 2008, on average they used 2. 43liters of water to produce a one liter beverage. One liter goes into the beverage itself, and 1. 43liters are used for manufacturing processes such as rinsing, cleaning, and cooling. Still they are nearly half way to their 2012 goal of 2. 7liters per liter which will be a 20 percent improvement. Additionally, since 2005 they have been involved in more than 250 community water partnerships in 70 countries to support locally relevant initiatives, such as watershed protection; expanding community drinking water and sanitation access; agricultural water use efficiency; and education and awareness programs. I n 2009, respected experts are asked to work with them to calculate the water benefits of these projects. Secondly, considerable attention is paid to packaging. For an example – more than half of the metal in aluminum cans is recycled. The Company’s plant in the United States is the world’s largest plastic bottle to bottle recycling plant with capacity to produce approximately 100 million pounds of food grade recycled PET plastic for reuse each year – the equivalent of producing nearly 2 billion 20ounce Coca-Cola bottles. As a conclusion: The Coca-Cola Company is one of those multinationals we can accuse of great marketing strategy and still believe it is not all about making profit or making people turn a blind eye to its â€Å"dark† side. Sometimes it does matter to do things with an appeal! How to cite The Coca-Cola Company. Csr Policy, Papers

The Coca-Cola Company. Csr Policy Free Essays

The Coca-Cola Company and its CSR policy There is no doubt that one of the most popular multinationals today is The Coca-Cola Company. It has strong CSR policy where â€Å"CSR† is not only about being responsible for customers and fans around the world but also being aware of employees’ needs. Talking about employees – The Roberts Environmental Center at Claremont McKenna College in California publishes annual analyses of corporate environmental and social reports (together called sustainability reports). We will write a custom essay sample on The Coca-Cola Company. Csr Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 2009, The Coca-Cola Company received an overall rating of A+, topping the list of companies reviewed in its sector. Among the keys to earning that recognition is maintaining world-class standards for fair and dignified treatment of all the people who work for it. Its Workplace Rights Policy serves to ensure that a consistent approach to workplace rights is applied worldwide – as an integral part of culture, strategy and day-to-day operations. However this is just one side of the coin. Suppliers are another group The Coca-Cola Company proves loyal to. Having a sound, stable and ethical supply base is important for its growth and the footprint it leaves in local communities around the world. Its suppliers provide its system with materials, including ingredients, packaging and machinery, as well as goods and services. As a company, it has a responsibility to hold its direct suppliers and bottling partners to standards no less than those required by applicable law. It also has an opportunity to support community development by purchasing goods and services from minority- and women-owned business enterprises (MWBEs). Furthermore in 2009 The Coca-Cola Company is the recipient of the prestigious World Environment Center’s (WEC) Twenty-Fifth Annual Gold Medal for International Corporate Achievement in Sustainable Development (for implementing strategic business initiatives in the high impact areas of water stewardship, sustainable packaging, energy management and climate protection) and is among the 10 recipients of the Natural Health Magazine’s first â€Å"Green Choice† awards (selected because of its leadership and commitment to recycling and impressive light-weighting efforts). Although it is really difficult to point out all the â€Å"green† initiatives this multinational is up to daily, monthly, annually or on a long-term basis, here are some of its highlights. Firstly, water efficiency is viewed as a main goal. To be the most efficient water user among peer companies is a distinction the company wants to achieve. In 2008, on average they used 2. 43liters of water to produce a one liter beverage. One liter goes into the beverage itself, and 1. 43liters are used for manufacturing processes such as rinsing, cleaning, and cooling. Still they are nearly half way to their 2012 goal of 2. 7liters per liter which will be a 20 percent improvement. Additionally, since 2005 they have been involved in more than 250 community water partnerships in 70 countries to support locally relevant initiatives, such as watershed protection; expanding community drinking water and sanitation access; agricultural water use efficiency; and education and awareness programs. I n 2009, respected experts are asked to work with them to calculate the water benefits of these projects. Secondly, considerable attention is paid to packaging. For an example – more than half of the metal in aluminum cans is recycled. The Company’s plant in the United States is the world’s largest plastic bottle to bottle recycling plant with capacity to produce approximately 100 million pounds of food grade recycled PET plastic for reuse each year – the equivalent of producing nearly 2 billion 20ounce Coca-Cola bottles. As a conclusion: The Coca-Cola Company is one of those multinationals we can accuse of great marketing strategy and still believe it is not all about making profit or making people turn a blind eye to its â€Å"dark† side. Sometimes it does matter to do things with an appeal! How to cite The Coca-Cola Company. Csr Policy, Papers